IRGB10 supplies bacterial ligands to activate AIM2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes

Recently, Man et al. [2016] published an elegant study in which they showed that immunity-related GTPase family member b10 (IRGB10; an interferon-inducible protein) localizes on the cell membrane of bacteria, damages the membrane, and then releases the hidden ligands from the phagosome to the host-cytoplasm to be sensed by both the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and the noncanonical NLR family pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) inflammasomes (1).